How native speakers pronounce “stripped”

the original bond balloon well it had a the original bond balloon well it had a quantity of 11 since i stripped two away quantity of 11 since i stripped two away

Creo Parametric - BOM Balloons - Split, Merge, & Redistribute | Drawings

successively successively strip each other down or be stripped strip each other down or be stripped

Interview with David Ives

Dehumanizing a person takes time. They chip away  at you until your identity is nothing but a lump   of stone - stripped of all character. Year 30:  It’s as if you’ve become a ghost. No one bothers   you anymore. You’re just an old-timer serving your  time. The last time you heard anything from your  

What a Life Sentence Actually Feels Like (Day 1 to Year 40)

opens up I think the latent inhibition opens up I think the latent inhibition is stripped off for a little while and is stripped off for a little while and

2015 Maps of Meaning 10: Culture & Anomaly / Part 1 (Jordan Peterson)